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257 lines
8.7 KiB
257 lines
8.7 KiB
# ext/horizontal_shard.py
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# Copyright (C) 2005-2022 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
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# <see AUTHORS file>
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#
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# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
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# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
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"""Horizontal sharding support.
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Defines a rudimental 'horizontal sharding' system which allows a Session to
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distribute queries and persistence operations across multiple databases.
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For a usage example, see the :ref:`examples_sharding` example included in
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the source distribution.
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"""
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from .. import event
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from .. import exc
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from .. import inspect
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from .. import util
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from ..orm.query import Query
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from ..orm.session import Session
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__all__ = ["ShardedSession", "ShardedQuery"]
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class ShardedQuery(Query):
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def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
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super(ShardedQuery, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
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self.id_chooser = self.session.id_chooser
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self.query_chooser = self.session.query_chooser
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self.execute_chooser = self.session.execute_chooser
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self._shard_id = None
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def set_shard(self, shard_id):
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"""Return a new query, limited to a single shard ID.
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All subsequent operations with the returned query will
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be against the single shard regardless of other state.
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The shard_id can be passed for a 2.0 style execution to the
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bind_arguments dictionary of :meth:`.Session.execute`::
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results = session.execute(
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stmt,
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bind_arguments={"shard_id": "my_shard"}
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)
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"""
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return self.execution_options(_sa_shard_id=shard_id)
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class ShardedSession(Session):
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def __init__(
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self,
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shard_chooser,
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id_chooser,
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execute_chooser=None,
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shards=None,
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query_cls=ShardedQuery,
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**kwargs
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):
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"""Construct a ShardedSession.
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:param shard_chooser: A callable which, passed a Mapper, a mapped
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instance, and possibly a SQL clause, returns a shard ID. This id
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may be based off of the attributes present within the object, or on
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some round-robin scheme. If the scheme is based on a selection, it
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should set whatever state on the instance to mark it in the future as
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participating in that shard.
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:param id_chooser: A callable, passed a query and a tuple of identity
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values, which should return a list of shard ids where the ID might
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reside. The databases will be queried in the order of this listing.
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:param execute_chooser: For a given :class:`.ORMExecuteState`,
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returns the list of shard_ids
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where the query should be issued. Results from all shards returned
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will be combined together into a single listing.
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.. versionchanged:: 1.4 The ``execute_chooser`` parameter
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supersedes the ``query_chooser`` parameter.
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:param shards: A dictionary of string shard names
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to :class:`~sqlalchemy.engine.Engine` objects.
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"""
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query_chooser = kwargs.pop("query_chooser", None)
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super(ShardedSession, self).__init__(query_cls=query_cls, **kwargs)
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event.listen(
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self, "do_orm_execute", execute_and_instances, retval=True
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)
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self.shard_chooser = shard_chooser
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self.id_chooser = id_chooser
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if query_chooser:
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util.warn_deprecated(
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"The ``query_choser`` parameter is deprecated; "
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"please use ``execute_chooser``.",
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"1.4",
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)
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if execute_chooser:
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raise exc.ArgumentError(
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"Can't pass query_chooser and execute_chooser "
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"at the same time."
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)
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def execute_chooser(orm_context):
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return query_chooser(orm_context.statement)
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self.execute_chooser = execute_chooser
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else:
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self.execute_chooser = execute_chooser
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self.query_chooser = query_chooser
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self.__binds = {}
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if shards is not None:
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for k in shards:
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self.bind_shard(k, shards[k])
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def _identity_lookup(
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self,
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mapper,
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primary_key_identity,
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identity_token=None,
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lazy_loaded_from=None,
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**kw
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):
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"""override the default :meth:`.Session._identity_lookup` method so
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that we search for a given non-token primary key identity across all
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possible identity tokens (e.g. shard ids).
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.. versionchanged:: 1.4 Moved :meth:`.Session._identity_lookup` from
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the :class:`_query.Query` object to the :class:`.Session`.
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"""
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if identity_token is not None:
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return super(ShardedSession, self)._identity_lookup(
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mapper,
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primary_key_identity,
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identity_token=identity_token,
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**kw
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)
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else:
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q = self.query(mapper)
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if lazy_loaded_from:
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q = q._set_lazyload_from(lazy_loaded_from)
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for shard_id in self.id_chooser(q, primary_key_identity):
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obj = super(ShardedSession, self)._identity_lookup(
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mapper,
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primary_key_identity,
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identity_token=shard_id,
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lazy_loaded_from=lazy_loaded_from,
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**kw
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)
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if obj is not None:
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return obj
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return None
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def _choose_shard_and_assign(self, mapper, instance, **kw):
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if instance is not None:
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state = inspect(instance)
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if state.key:
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token = state.key[2]
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assert token is not None
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return token
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elif state.identity_token:
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return state.identity_token
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shard_id = self.shard_chooser(mapper, instance, **kw)
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if instance is not None:
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state.identity_token = shard_id
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return shard_id
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def connection_callable(
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self, mapper=None, instance=None, shard_id=None, **kwargs
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):
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"""Provide a :class:`_engine.Connection` to use in the unit of work
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flush process.
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"""
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if shard_id is None:
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shard_id = self._choose_shard_and_assign(mapper, instance)
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if self.in_transaction():
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return self.get_transaction().connection(mapper, shard_id=shard_id)
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else:
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return self.get_bind(
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mapper, shard_id=shard_id, instance=instance
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).connect(**kwargs)
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def get_bind(
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self, mapper=None, shard_id=None, instance=None, clause=None, **kw
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):
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if shard_id is None:
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shard_id = self._choose_shard_and_assign(
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mapper, instance, clause=clause
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)
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return self.__binds[shard_id]
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def bind_shard(self, shard_id, bind):
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self.__binds[shard_id] = bind
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def execute_and_instances(orm_context):
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if orm_context.is_select:
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load_options = active_options = orm_context.load_options
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update_options = None
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elif orm_context.is_update or orm_context.is_delete:
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load_options = None
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update_options = active_options = orm_context.update_delete_options
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else:
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load_options = update_options = active_options = None
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session = orm_context.session
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def iter_for_shard(shard_id, load_options, update_options):
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execution_options = dict(orm_context.local_execution_options)
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bind_arguments = dict(orm_context.bind_arguments)
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bind_arguments["shard_id"] = shard_id
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if orm_context.is_select:
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load_options += {"_refresh_identity_token": shard_id}
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execution_options["_sa_orm_load_options"] = load_options
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elif orm_context.is_update or orm_context.is_delete:
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update_options += {"_refresh_identity_token": shard_id}
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execution_options["_sa_orm_update_options"] = update_options
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return orm_context.invoke_statement(
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bind_arguments=bind_arguments, execution_options=execution_options
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)
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if active_options and active_options._refresh_identity_token is not None:
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shard_id = active_options._refresh_identity_token
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elif "_sa_shard_id" in orm_context.execution_options:
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shard_id = orm_context.execution_options["_sa_shard_id"]
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elif "shard_id" in orm_context.bind_arguments:
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shard_id = orm_context.bind_arguments["shard_id"]
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else:
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shard_id = None
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if shard_id is not None:
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return iter_for_shard(shard_id, load_options, update_options)
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else:
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partial = []
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for shard_id in session.execute_chooser(orm_context):
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result_ = iter_for_shard(shard_id, load_options, update_options)
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partial.append(result_)
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return partial[0].merge(*partial[1:])
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